1.PERSONAL ADMINISTRATION: PA

There are three basic structures in HCM:
     1. Enterprise Structure
     2. Personnel Structure
     3. Organisation Structure

The Enterprise structure and personal structure are part of Personal Administration.Where as the organisation structure is a part of Organisational Management.

Why do we need structures??

Structures are the foundations and conditions on which an organisation is built.The first step before entering any personal data of an employee , we need to allocate the employees to those structures.
We can find Position , Work place , How many hours does an employee work, Holidays he got , similar kind of information can be pulled out of the structure allocations to employees

So after filling the initial screen of hiring we will launch on this screen with auto-populated results which looks like above. Here the enterprise structure is something that tells us where the employee works. Personnel structures explains about the job function of the employee and organisational plan specifies the relationships between individual departments and work groups.

IT0001 is the infotype that stores the information of the employee regarding these three structures.

Enterprise structure:Below are the 4 important concepts we need to learn first regarding this structure.
1. Client: It is a 3-digit code alphanumeric code that represents a separate legal organisational unit of the system. A detailed explanation of this is provided here in this article SAP LOGIN

2.Company code : A company code is a 4 character alphanumeric code and represents a independent company which has its own balance sheet and accounting.
Eg: If TATA is a group of companies. Under this we have TATA STEEL and TATA POWER as different companies which are a part of TATA group. But they work independently in terms of accounting and finance.So these two will have different company codes.

3.Personnel Area : It is also a 4 character alphanumeric key which denotes the location of the company.
Eg: Tata Consultancy Services is a company which is located in different countries like USA , India , Australia  etc. Each location becomes a Personnel Area here.

4.Personnel SubArea: It is the sub classification of the personnel area which is also represented by a 4 character alphanumeric code.
Eg. TCS in India is located over different cities like Hyderabad , Bangalore , Chennai. Each one of them are considered Personnel Sub Area for the Personal Area 'India' in this case.

Personnel Structure:
The personnel structure displays position of individual people in the enterprise as a whole.It comprises of :
1.Employee Groups
2.Employee Subgroups

The Employee group specifies the status of the employee. Where he an Active , Inactive or Terminated employee.Its a classification of the employee in general terms which helps as an entity for authorisation checks and reporting. It is a single character alphanumeric code.

The Employee Subgroup specifies the further classification of the employee grouping. If he is an active employee (i.e., currently working in the system) then on what basis he gets paid hourly or monthly or biweekly is something that is specified as a part of employee subgroup.It is represented by a two digit alphanumeric code.

These two structures are the pillars on which Personnel Administration relies. The third structure  organisation structure is a part of Organisational Management which is explained in detail in this article Organisational Mangement !!

Happy learning....!!